NAD+

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a fundamental coenzyme found in all living cells, essential for sustaining metabolism and cellular health. It serves as a key mediator of redox reactions, cycling between its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms to drive electron transfer—an indispensable process for energy production and life itself. With involvement in over 500 enzymatic reactions, NAD+ is central to maintaining cellular balance and homeostasis. Research suggests it may support muscle performance, protect nervous system cells, and help counteract age-related decline.

Beyond its role in energy metabolism, NAD+ contributes to DNA repair and gene regulation through critical enzymes such as sirtuins and PARPs. Sirtuins depend on NAD+ to influence DNA repair, gene expression, and aging processes, while PARPs utilize it to correct DNA damage and uphold genomic stability. Together, these pathways highlight NAD+ as a cornerstone of cellular integrity and a promising focus for research into longevity and healthy aging.